主詞與動詞局部倒裝 (only, 否定副詞類常考！)
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類別
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例句
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副詞類
Only
置於句首強調時
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1) I began to see the results of my work only after a year. (介詞片語)
→ Only after a year did I begin to see the results of my work.
2) The picnic will be cancelled only if it rains. (子句)
→ Only if it rains will the picnic be cancelled.
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否定副詞
置於句首強調時
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1) I am never late for school. → Never am I late for school.
2) We not only lost money, but also wasted time.
→ Not only did we lose money, but also we wasted time.
否定副詞如
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(A)
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never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, barely, neither, nor
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(B)
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含有no或not的片語如 no sooner…than (一…, 就…), in no case/way/situation, by no means, under/in no circumstances, on no account/condition/consideration (決不), no longer/more (不再), not at all, not a bit, not in the least (一點也不), etc.
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假設語氣
if省略後
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1) If I had had any idea, I would never have left her alone.
→ Had I had any idea, I would never have left her alone.
2) If anyone should (萬一) ring, please take a message.
→ Should anyone ring, please take a message.
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結果子句
So/Such
置於句首強調時
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1) The attack was so sudden that we had no time to escape.
→ So sudden was the attack that we had no time to escape.
2) She made such a good meal that we ate it all up.
→ Such a good meal did she make that we ate it all up.
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形容詞述語類
置於句首強調時
(較適用be-動詞)
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1) Students will be more attentive if teaching tasks involve their participation.
→ More attentive will students be if teaching tasks involve their participation.
2) Her friendly treatment towards me was most unbelievable.
→ Most unbelievable was his friendly treatment towards me.
3) You will be happy when everything is working out for you.
→ Happy will you be when everything is working out for you.
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as/than-子句
(非強制)
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1) She traveled a lot more than/a great deal, as most of her friends did.
→ She traveled a lot more than/a great deal, as did most of her friends.
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感歎句
(用驚嘆號!)
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1) Am I fed up!
2) How beautiful the flowers are! → How beautiful are the flowers!
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註：1) Not only George but also his friends are buying the house. (對等連接主詞，並非對等連接動詞。)
2) He has a kind heart. So do you. (你也是！) cf. So he does. (他的確是！--非倒裝句so表強調。)
3) 形容詞亦可能全句倒裝：The sound of the bell grew faint. → Faint grew the sound of the bell.
全句頭尾倒裝 (副詞類較常考！)
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類別
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例句
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副詞類
(移至句首強調時)
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1) An old building is on the corner.
→ On the corner (there) is an old building.
2) The consumer walked away unhappily.
→ Away walked the consumer, unhappily.
3) The guests came after the receptionist.
→ After the receptionist came the guests.
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形容詞述語類
(移至句首強調時)
分詞 V-ing/V-p.p.
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1) Blogs on the Internet are taking off in Taiwan.
→ Taking off in Taiwan are blogs on the Internet.
2) The popular movie star was followed by a crowd of journalists.
→ Followed by a crowd of journalists was the popular movie star.
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直接引述
(非強制)
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1) “I've had enough,” John said.
→ “I've had enough,” said John.
2) “Who's paying?” shouted the fat man in the corner.
直接引述動詞如say, suggest, shout, answer, scream, yell, utter, etc.
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註：代名詞的限制 → 人稱代名詞不與動詞倒裝。
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Here is your key.
Here it is.
Here is it.
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(o)
(o)
(x)
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Up comes a man.
Up he comes.
Up comes he.
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(o)
(o)
(x)
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Out of the darkness came a man in black.
Out of the darkness he came.
Out of the darkness came he.
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(o)
(o)
(x)
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資料來源：英文學習平台
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