所謂名詞子句, 就是把一個句子當作名詞來用
名詞的一般用途是主詞或受詞, 所以名詞子句也一樣當作主詞或受詞, 只不過它是個句子
比如說 I don’t know his name. 這個句子裡, his name 是 know 的受詞
如果把這句話改成: I don’t know where he lives.
where he lives 這個子句一樣是當 know 的受詞, 受詞一定是名詞, 所以它就是個名詞子句
今天我們就先來學這種比較簡單的, 也就是當作受詞用的名詞子句
名詞子句的結構是:
(1) 疑問詞 (where, who, when, what, why, how, which) + 主詞 + 動詞 (從疑問句變來的)
(2) that + 主詞 + 動詞 (指事實)
(3) if / whether (是否) + 主詞 + 動詞
比如原本疑問句是: Who is he?
改成名詞子句時, 因為名詞子句不再是疑問句, 所以不用疑問句的句型
而用一般句子 ”先主詞再動詞” 的結構
因此要在 Who is he? 前面加個 Do you know 的話
整句就成了: Do you know who he is?
若是過去式的疑問句 Where did he go?
前面加了 I don’t know 時, 整句就要說: I don’t know where he went. (恢復過去式動詞)
用 that 帶出的名詞子句是一個事實的直述句 (肯定或否定句)
比如 I didn’t know (that) Jack got fired.
當 that 接的名詞子句是當受詞時, that 通常可以省略
當一個 Yes-No 問句要變成名詞子句時, 我們就得加入 if 或 whether 來表示 ”是否...”
句尾也可以再加個 or not
像 Is he OK? 如果前面要加 Do you know
就要變成 Do you know if / whether he is OK (or not)?
or not 也可以直接放在 whether 的後面, 但不可直接放在 if 後面
比如: Do you know whether or not he is OK? (O)
Do you know if or not he is OK? (X)
另外還要注意句尾標點的問題
句尾的標點是以主要子句, 也就是開頭的子句為準
像 Do you know… / Could you tell me… 最後就要用問號
而 I don’t know / I think ... 最後用的就是句點
現在大家來練習看看以下的題目, 把兩個句子用名詞子句的方式連接成一句:
1. Did you hear? Jack got married.
2. I need to know. When did they leave?
3. Do you understand? How important is this?
4. I don’t know. Where does Amy live?
5. Do you know? Has Tim ever been to Thailand?
6. I don’t remember. Is her father a doctor?
7. Nobody knows. Can she play the piano?
8. Nobody knows. She can play the piano.
9. Nobody knows. What can she play?
10. I have no idea. Which color did he choose?
Answers:
1. Did you hear (that) Jack got married?
2. I need to know when they left.
3. Do you understand how important this is?
4. I don’t know where Amy lives.
5. Do you know if/whether Tom has been to Thailand (or not)?
6. I don’t remember if/whether her father is a doctor.
7. Nobody knows if/whether she can play the piano (or not).
8. Nobody knows (that) she can play the piano.
9. Nobody knows what she can play.
10. I have no idea which color he chose.
分享至: Sammy
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